01 Feb 21. Featured Paper
A four-dimensional computational model of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging measurement of subtle blood-brain barrier leakage.
Link to paper on NeuroImage
Authors
Jose Bernal, Maria d.C. Valdés-Hernández, Javier Escudero, Anna K. Heye, Eleni Sakka, Paul A. Armitage, Stephen Makin, Rhian M. Touyz, Joanna M. Wardlaw, Michael J. Thrippleton
Abstract
Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) is increasingly used to quantify & map the spatial distribution of blood-brain barrier (BBB) leakage in neurodegenerative disease, including cerebral small vessel disease & dementia.
However, the subtle nature of leakage & resulting small signal changes make quantification challenging.
While simplified one-dimensional simulations have probed the impact of noise, scanner drift, & model assumptions, the impact of spatio-temporal effects such as gross motion, k-space sampling & motion artefacts on parametric leakage maps has been overlooked.
Moreover, evidence on which to base the design of imaging protocols is lacking due to practical difficulties & the lack of a reference method.
To address these problems, we present an open-source computational model of the DCE-MRI acquisition process for generating four dimensional Digital Reference Objects (DROs), using a high-resolution brain atlas & incorporating realistic patient motion, extra-cerebral signals, noise & k-space sampling.
Simulations using the DROs demonstrated a dominant influence of spatio-temporal effects on both the visual appearance of parameter maps & on measured tissue leakage rates.
The computational model permits greater understanding of the sensitivity & limitations of subtle BBB leakage measurement & provides a non-invasive means of testing & optimising imaging protocols for future studies.
Keywords
- Blood-brain barrier permeability
- Cerebral small vessel disease
- DCE-MRI
- Digital reference object
- Endothelial dysfunction
- Spatio-temporal imaging artefacts
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Featured paper: A four-dimensional computational model of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging measurement of subtle blood-brain barrier leakage.
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