League tables
University rankings and league tables
This page presents a high level overview of higher education rankings/league tables.
National/regional University rankings are well established in the UK, Canada, the US, Australia and Asia. World University rankings have also now become part of the annual higher education calendar. Although the merits of many aspects of their methodology can be debated, it is clear that rankings can have a significant impact on the reputation and perceived standing of institutions. The following table presents the University of Edinburgh's institutional position in the main UK and World rankings since 2006:
UK league tables
| League table | Year began | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Times | 1993 | 11 | 13 | 18 | 14 | 11 | 15 | 14 |
| Sunday Times | 1999 | 14 | 14 | 15 | =15 | 14 | 27 | 39 |
| Guardian | 1999 | 10 | 7 | 9 | 7 | 15 | 16 | 15 |
| Complete University guide | 2007 | - | 16 | 21 | 11 | 11 | 13 | 16 |
World league tables
| League table | Year began | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Academic ranking of world universities (Shanghai Jiao Tong University) | 2004 | 52 | =53 | =55 | 53 | =54 | 53 | 51 |
| QS | 2010 | - | - | - | - | 22 | 20 | 21 |
| THE-Thomson Reuters | 2010 | - | - | - | - | 40 | 36 | |
| THE-QS | 2004 | =33 | 23 | 23 | =20 | - | - | - |
Notes to the tables
- The Complete University Guide (CUG) is published online by Mayfield University Consultants who produced the Times League Table until 2006. From 2008 to 2010, the CUG was also published by the Independent newspaper. In 2011, the CUG was only published independently online.
- Edinburgh's position in The Guardian's 2006 league table was revised post-publication.
- The THE-QS world ranking partnership ended with the publication of the 2009 ranking. Since 2010, the THE has published in collaboration with Thomson Reuters and QS has published in collaboration with US News and World Report and other media partners.
Discussion
- UK rankings traditionally comprise a range of different quantitative measures of input, process and output including: entry standards, student satisfaction, student:staff ratio, academic services/facilities expenditure per student, research quality, proportion of 1sts/2:1s, completion rates, and student destinations.
- To construct World rankings, however, compilers have to use measures that translate as reliably as possible across different countries/regions - i.e. for which comparable data, which are not inextricably linked to national prosperity or other local/regional issues, can be found. For this reason, the measures used in the World University rankings are quite different to those used for UK rankings and cover prizewinner affiliations, research bibliometrics, student:faculty ratio, peer review responses, and percentage international students/staff.
- Ranking methodologies have always been open to criticism due to the inherent arbitrary nature of weighting scores from different measures and then summing these to give an overall measure of ‘quality’. Some measures are also more controversial and open to bias (e.g. by institution size/subject profile/location etc) than others.
- Finally, comparing one institution’s overall score (and hence rank position) against that of another institution can produce statistical reliability issues: analysis of ranking methodologies has shown that small changes in methodology, source data, or indicator weighting can result in large changes in an institution’s relative position within a ranking. Some compilers have tried to mitigate some of these issues by, for example, weighting data by subject mix, and by employing z-score methodology to statistically spread the data for individual measures.
Reference
- Counting what is measured or measuring what counts?
- Berlin principles on ranking of higher education institutions
Contact
This article was published on Oct 1, 2012